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In the fall of 1914, the great war that we now call the First World War had been ongoing for only months, but the troops of Imperial Germany had already cut loose: Within weeks, they had shot 850 civilians in neutral Belgium, burned more than 400 houses and used hundreds of civilians as human…

The domestic debate on arms exports in Germany is governed by a questionable consensus: the export of defense goods secures employment and technological capabilities in the long run. While it is true that critical commentators warn not to sacrifice ethical and foreign policy goals for economic…

The post-Snowden world is a little like a new parent suddenly worrying about the security of its baby… data. Governments, companies, and citizens alike are now wrestling with how to secure it. Over the past year, Europe has been discussing proposals intended to address foreign surveillance on…

Zusammenfassung Moderne Außenpolitik verfolgt ihre Ziele zunehmend mit eigenen finanziellen Mitteln für konkrete Projekte. Die Haushaltsmittel für „Maßnahmen und Leistungen zur Sicherung von Frieden und Stabilität einschließlich humanitärer Hilfsmaßnahmen“ betragen mittlerweile gut dreimal so viel…

Executive Summary Modern foreign policy increasingly pursues its goals by using specific financial resources for concrete projects. In Germany, the budget lines for peacebuilding and stabilization, which includes humanitarian action, have grown threefold over the past decade. The design, tendering,…

We can use national technology to protect the data of citizens, companies and governments from foreign surveillance and espionage and at the same time build up a strong and competitive IT industry in Germany and Europe. This is the promise of the advocates of proposals to regain “technological…

Code-based attacks on civilian and military infrastructures pose one of the great new challenges for security policy. Political decision-makers, the security industry and media pundits are increasingly warning of a “cyber war” that could throw the economy and society into unpredictable turmoil.…

Codegesteuerte Angriffe auf zivile und militärische Infrastrukturen gelten als eine der großen neuen sicherheitspolitischen Herausforderungen. Politische Entscheidungsträger, aber auch Vertreter der Sicherheitsindustrie und der Medien, warnen zunehmend vor einem „Cyberkrieg“, der Wirtschaft und…

Allgemein gesprochen meint Sicherheitssektorreform (SSR) eine planmäßige Verbesserung der bestehenden Strukturen und Arbeitsweisen im Sicherheitssektor eines Landes mit dem Ziel, mehr Sicherheit für die Bevölkerung zu schaffen. Einerseits kann dies erreicht werden, wenn Polizist_innen und…

This interview was conducted by Mirko Hohmann and Joel Sandhu for the Global Governance Futures 2025 program which brings together young professionals to look ahead and recommend ways to address global challenges. MH & JS: Recently, there has been a substantial debate in the German policy scene as…

In the crisis year 2014, the world looked with horror towards Nigeria, where hundreds of girls were abducted by Boko Haram, and towards Syria and Iraq. We heard of the “Sex-Jihad,” “Allah’s wicked army” and Yezidi “sex slaves.” Violence against women in conflict situations is finally getting more…

The European Union and the United States are currently negotiating a preferential trade agreement by way of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Bilateral or regional cooperation with like-minded partners allows states to pursue more ambitious plans for trade liberalization…

Executive Summary Child protection in development cooperation is facing new global challenges. This year, the 25th anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) provides an apt opportunity to enhance the protection of children in the context of changing global frameworks for…

An Analysis of European Proposals after June 5, 2013 Executive Summary European government officials and public figures have promoted a variety of proposals for gaining “technological sovereignty” in response to the media reports that began emerging in June 2013 on foreign surveillance. Our research…