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The 10th Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO), held in Nairobi in December 2015, yielded only limited results. While the United States and the European Union called for the conclusion of the so-called Doha negotiating round, developing and emerging countries expressed a…

Ende des vergangenen Jahres versetzten Hinweise auf eine Kooperation zwischen dem FBI und einem der bekanntesten US-amerikanischen IT-Sicherheitsteams die Netzgemeinde in Aufruhr. Demnach sollen Forscher des renommierten Cert/CC dem FBI dabei geholfen haben, das Anonymisierungsnetzwerk Tor zu…

When reports emerged late last year that researchers from CERT/CC, a respected American network security team, had helped the FBI to hack the anonymity network Tor, IT security experts were worried. Bodies like CERT/CC (the CERT Coordination Center), Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) and…

Now that Germany has joined the fight against the Islamic State in Syria, its planned deployment of troops to Mali has fallen into the background even more. But the United Nations' peacekeeping operation in Mali is a critical component of the peace process currently underway in the West African…

Die Beteiligung am Krieg gegen den „Islamischen Staat“ (IS) drängt den bevorstehenden Bundeswehreinsatz in Mali in den Hintergrund. Auch hier möchte die Bundesregierung Hunderte Soldaten ins Ausland schicken. Der Blauhelmeinsatz ist entscheidend für den seit 2012 andauernden Friedensprozess. Statt…

In 2015, the number of asylum applications to the European Union reached an all-time high. But numbers alone do not explain why the events of 2015 were commonly referred to as a refugee (or migrant) “crisis.” It is important to contextualize the high number of entries against an EU that is not only…

Das Jahr 2015 markiert den vorläufigen Höhepunkt des Trends steigender Asylanträge in der Europäischen Union. Nach Angaben des europäischen Statistikamts ersuchten allein in der ersten Jahreshälfte rund 400000 Menschen internationalen Schutz in der EU; eine Steigerung von etwa 85 Prozent gegenüber…

Bei der derzeit stattfindenden WTO-Ministerkonferenz entscheidet die Weltgemeinschaft über die Doha-Runde: Die Erfolgsaussichten sind gering, denn die großen Industriemächte setzen lieber auf Freihandelsabkommen wie TTIP; Sozial- und Umweltstandards bleiben auf der Strecke, genauso wie…

This collection focuses on the impact of the changing global distribution of power on the EU's energy policy and ability to project its approach to energy-related issues abroad. The chapter discusses the EU as an actor in global energy, and shows that the EU – short of a strong set of policy tools –…

Publicity in Human Rights Foreign Policy Executive Summary NGOs and states alike can publicly criticize repressive governments. Such “shaming” serves to attract attention to actions perceived as wrongful. Shaming seeks to increase the costs for offenders and thus acts as a deterrence mechanism. In…

Energy Geopolitics Are Back in Europe In European capitals, an increasingly assertive Russia has triggered renewed concerns related to the security of EU gas supplies. EU leaders have vivid memories of January 2009 when Russian gas supplies were cut for 13 days, affecting a total of 16 EU member…

Given that Indonesia has long refrained from committing to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo’s announcement in late October that “Indonesia intends to join the TPP” came as a surprise to most of the world. Jokowi’s statement directly followed his trip to Washington,…

In the aftermath of the Paris attacks, German President Joachim Gauck has been making loose talk about “a new kind of war,” which, some say, would require the creation of a new anti-terror unit for the European Union. But this misses the whole point. Europe does not have any shortage of special…

Europa braucht eine neue Form der Anti-Terror-Kooperation Der Bundespräsident orakelt von einer „neuen Art von Krieg“. Da liegt für einige der Gedanke einer neuen EU-weiten Truppe von Anti-Terrorspezialkräften nah, sozusagen einer schnellen Eingreiftruppe. Doch solche Gedanken gehen am wahren…

Executive Summary Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs) are an important pillar of global cybersecurity. What was once a small and informal community now comprises hundreds of CSIRTs, including governmental and non-governmental institutions. An important trend in recent years has been…

Technologies are used increasingly in humanitarian, development and human rights. This field of work is sometimes abbreviated with “ICT4D,” or information communication technologies for development. But new technologies can also introduce new risks, especially concerning digital security and…

The Impact of the World Summit Negotiations on the R2P Trajectory Introduction Proponents of the responsibility to protect (R2P) populations from mass atrocities have hailed the concept's collective endorsement at the 2005 World Summit, a gathering of heads of state and government for UN reform, as…