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Was uns aus dem Netz droht: zwei Warnungen Vor mehr als 50 Jahren, im Jahre 1961, warnte der scheidende US-Präsident Eisenhower in seiner Abschiedsrede vor der Herausbildung eines „militärisch-industriellen Komplexes“, der die Freiheit bedrohe. Haben wir es heute mit einem weiterführenden, einem…

Re-Examining the R2P Debate and Its Impact Introduction Ten years after inter-communitarian violence and a government-orchestrated counter-insurgency attracted the world’s attention, the literature treats Darfur and the responsibility to protect (R2P) as almost coterminous with failure. Liberal…

Introduction The final phase of the war in Sri Lanka is often framed in stark geopolitical terms. The Sri Lankan government defeated the rebel group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) with a broad military offensive that resulted in a large number of civilian casualties, ending the 26-year…

Introduction In a talk entitled “Is the Age of Intervention Over?” Michael Ignatieff said that “it is a world fundamentally irrevocably split over the normative justifications for intervention, so that all we do is serve up parodic versions of each other’s argument.” Alexander Cooley, pointing to…

Major Powers Debate the Responsibility to Protect Introduction In 2015, the world marked the 70th anniversary of the United Nations Charter and the 10th anniversary of the world’s political endorsement of a responsibility to protect populations from genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and…

Introduction The evolution of international norms is not necessarily a linear process. Rather, their development depends on their acceptance by coalitions of international actors. This acceptance can vary greatly on a case-by-case basis, from widely shared consensus on, to fierce contestation of,…

The Case of Kenya Introduction In public discourse and scholarly analyses, the “Responsibility to Protect” (R2P) is often reduced to military intervention. As other articles in this special issue show, the coercive elements of R2P are the basis for many of the controversies surrounding this norm.…

Introduction The intervention in Libya in 2011 was an early test for the coercive, non-consented operationalization of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), sparking a policy debate on how and under what circumstances protection should actually be conducted. This article analyses these debates on the…

Introduction Resolution 1973, which authorized military intervention in Libya, marked the first time that the United Nations Security Council explicitly mandated the use of force against a functioning state to prevent imminent atrocity crimes. The debate on the international community’s…

The Impact of the World Summit Negotiations on the R2P Trajectory Introduction Proponents of the responsibility to protect (R2P) populations from mass atrocities have hailed the concept's collective endorsement at the 2005 World Summit, a gathering of heads of state and government for UN reform, as…

In July, during a press conference following an all-night negotiation in Brussels on the Greece bailout, German Chancellor Angela Merkel was asked to comment on the French minister of the economy’s comparison of the harsh conditionality of the Greece deal with the Versailles Treaty. Merkel’s answer…

Refugee law has an infamous built-in dichotomy. Its powerful non-refoulement principle means refugees shall not be returned to their home countries or to places where they would be at risk of being returned home. Yet, refugee law does not oblige securing safe direct access from a refugee’s country…

In early 2014, Angola, sub-Saharan Africa’s second-largest oil producer and third-largest economy, was flush with cash and confidence. The economy had expanded tenfold over the previous decade, and the government, which in 2002 won a resounding victory in the country’s long civil war, was…

Vor zehn Jahren forderte Robert Zoellick, damals stellvertretender amerikanischer Außenminister, China auf, zu einem „verantwortlichen Teilhaber“ („responsible stakeholder“) zu werden: Denn Chinas Führer hätten entschieden, dass ihr Erfolg davon abhängt, mit der modernen Welt vernetzt zu sein. Über…

In December 2014, German Minister of Justice Heiko Maas issued a strongly worded tweet, complete with exclamation mark, stating that data retention laws violate the right to privacy and data protection, and that as a result, there should be neither German nor European legislation on this front. Ten…

Ten years ago, world leaders agreed that the international community had a “responsibility to protect” populations from genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and ethnic cleansing. A decade later, the world’s record in fulfilling the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) remains poor, with…

The internet governance landscape has changed dramatically in just the last few years, and this development shows no sign of stopping. India, a country boasting steady growth and global ambitions, is critical to the future development of the internet not only within its borders, but also across the…